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PERIANAL DERMATITIS: SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT

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Perianal dermatitis is a disease manifested in the form of inflammation of the skin in the area around the anus. Perianal dermatitis, the symptoms of which are accompanied by swelling, pruritus and pronounced redness, are often allergic, contact, fungal or bacterial, arising from inflammatory diseases that are relevant to the intestine, hemorrhoids, enterobiasis or anal fissures.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

This form of dermatitis occurs in individuals, regardless of their belonging to a particular age category. Similar to the diaper form of dermatitis, which we also consider in one of the following articles, perianal dermatitis often develops due to violations of the skin care regulations (the area of ??interest in particular). In adults, this disease often accompanies the pathology of the rectum and large intestine, a violation of the intestinal microflora and a different type of disease, directly related to the anal area. It is noteworthy that about 6.5% of cases occur in the actual candidiasis dysbiosis of the intestine, respectively, in the treatment of the disease it is necessary not only to help the dermatologist, but also the proctologist.

CAUSES OF PERIANAL DERMATITIS

As the main reasons provoking the development of the considered form of dermatitis, the effect exerted on the anal area by certain irritants, as well as violations of hygiene rules, are singled out. In addition, perianal dermatitis often occurs against the background of diarrhea when certain chemicals are exposed in the indicated area (for example, the detergent powder left on the laundry after washing). What is noteworthy, often the development of perianal dermatitis is promoted by wearing linen, which includes synthetic.

CAUSES OF PERIANAL DERMATITIS

As the main reasons provoking the development of the considered form of dermatitis, the effect exerted on the anal area by certain irritants, as well as violations of hygiene rules, are singled out. In addition, perianal dermatitis often occurs against the background of diarrhea when certain chemicals are exposed in the indicated area (for example, the detergent powder left on the laundry after washing). What is noteworthy, often the development of perianal dermatitis is promoted by wearing linen, which includes synthetic.

Inflammatory diseases, such as, for example, ulcerative colitis, colitis, paraproctitis or Crohn’s disease, often lead to the spread of the inflammatory process to the perianal region, which in turn leads to the development of perianal dermatitis. Again, the aforementioned diseases, such as enterobiosis and hemorrhoids – they all also contribute to the development of perianal dermatitis. Damage to the anus of the skin also in some cases leads to the development of a form of dermatitis, such as fungal or bacterial dermatitis. In addition, there is also such a form of dermatitis in this area as dysmatitic abscessing fistulous, which develops as a result of introduction into the anal area of ??the hair, breaking off during long driving by car or riding (this form is also defined as jeep illness). As in considering the causes of many other diseases, the general condition in which the body is located also determines the appropriate opportunities for the development of perianal dermatitis. If the patient, for example, is allergic or has low immunity, and if it is influenced by certain factors that “undermine” the overall health and make it susceptible to infection, then the possibility of developing perianal dermatitis can not be ruled out in this case.

PERIANAL DERMATITIS: SYMPTOMS

As for the main manifestations of this form of the disease, they consist in a change in the anal area of ??the skin, which is manifested in redness, swelling and soreness. Often the itch is expressed, which only aggravates the general course of the disease due to the constant trauma caused by scratching, as well as the severe soreness of the defecation for the same reasons. The bacterial origin of perianal dermatitis occurs against the background of the redness of the affected area, as well as the appearance of vesicles and pustules with purulent contents in them. This dermatitis is characterized by wetting and erosion, in the area of ??damage, crusts are also systematically formed

With regard to fungal dermatitis in this form, it is characterized by scalloped (wavy) edges in the area of ??inflammation concentration. Also, there is peeling, the appearance of whitish plaque, the concentration along the periphery of the inflammation of the vesicles and pustules. With allergic dermatitis of this form there is a strong itch, papular formations with serous contents are formed, their opening leads to the appearance of erosion. In the abscessing form of this form of the disease (which is defined as jeep disease), small abscesses of a recurrent nature are formed in a complex with fistulous tendencies, concentrated in the area of ??the anus folds.

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis of the disease is carried out through a survey, which takes into account the symptomatology that worries the patient, as well as determines the reasons that served the development of this disease. It is specified whether the patient also has comorbid pathologies (intestinal diseases, etc.). Also, an examination of the affected (anal) area is performed, in which there is the possibility of directly determining the scales of inflammation, the condition in which the skin is located, the presence of hemorrhoids or cracks, hemorrhoids, etc. The conditions that triggered the onset of the disease can be detected by scraping, and bacteriological examination is also conducted, in which a swab of the anus in combination with the cutaneous elements that are detachable in the affected area is studied. Soskob is also examined in this case for enterobiosis. Additionally, an analysis of stool for the relevance of dysbiosis is being given.

Concomitant diseases can be determined using ultrasound, coprogram, sigmoidoscopy, irrigoscopy, colonoscopy and radiography (using barium).

TREATMENT

The effectiveness of the treatment of this form of dermatitis is determined only if it is produced by taking into account the general picture of its appearance and course, without exception of concomitant diseases. Naturally, the issue of hygiene of the anal region is also not in the last place, given the fact that its violation can act as the primary cause of the development of the disease. To wear it is necessary to use only cotton underwear, which will not be irritating to the affected area. Severe pruritus with perianal dermatitis is eliminated by using for this purpose antihistamines prescribed by a doctor. In addition to general recommendations, certain efficacy in the treatment of the disease can be achieved with the use of trays and ointments. Bacterial infection requires the need for an autopsy of ulcers followed by treatment with special disinfectants in combination with antibacterial ointments. When a dermatitis of this form occurs against the background of the fungus, appropriate antifungal agents are used. In the case of perianal dermatitis as a symptom accompanying another disease, treatment should initially be targeted specifically at this disease, and only after – the treatment of perianal dermatitis with a characteristic symptomatology. If there is a current symptomatology for this disease, you need to seek the advice of a proctologist and dermatologist.

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